高中英语《How to bathe a bird?》
一、考题回顾
二、考题解析
《How to bathe a bird?》主要教学过程及板书设计
教学过程
Step 1 Lead in
A report: Ask a student on duty to give an oral report while other students listen to him/her carefully, and after that I will ask some questions about her report.
Possible answer: my family, including a pet.
Q: Who is special in her family? ( A pet)
Who is going to look after a dog or a cat?
What does she do every day? (I’ll feed it, bathe it and walk it every day!)
Step 2 Pre-listening
1. Discussion: Show a question and ask them to discuss with their partner.
Q: If you have a pet, but it is very dirty, what will you do? And how to do?
(To encourage students to try their best to speak in English)
2. Word study: Before listening, give Ss some new words and expressions that can help them have a good understanding about the listening material.
Step 3 While-listening
First of all, let’s look at the pictures. Guess what happened to them or get the Ss to guess the answers to the questions. Then let them listen to the tape. For the first time, let them listen carefully and get the general idea. For the second time, let them answer the questions according to what they hear.
Extensive listening:
At the first listening, students will be required to get the main idea. After that, ask students to talk about it in their own language.
At the second time, students will listen to the dialogue carefully again and fill the following blanks according to what they hear.
Three minutes later, the Ss give different answers.
2020下高中英语 教师资格证 面试试题及答案【1月9日上午】
【来源于网络】
高中英语 词汇
一、考题回顾
二、考题解析
【教案】
A Couch Potato
Teaching aims
Students will be able to comprehend the passage and list the main character’s daily activity using timeline.
Students can be able to master the pronunciation, spelling, meaning and usage of the three underlined words.
Students will be able to use the words in their daily communications.
Students will be able to cultivate the awareness of having a healthy lifestyle.
Key and difficult points
Key point
To understand the passage and master the underlined words.
Difficult point
To apply the words in daily use accurately and learn to improve their lifestyle.
Teaching procedures
Step 1: Warming-up
1. Greetings.
2. Have students describe what their perfect day will be like and what they will do. Invite some volunteers to share their perfect days. Have others decide whether the lifestyles are healthy. Tell students Brian is telling us about his perfect day as a couch potato. Lead into the topic and ask them to guess what a couch potato is according to the context.
Step 2: Presentation
1. Have students read the article quickly and share their understanding of couch potato (a person who takes little exercise and watches a lot of television).
2. Read the passage again and complete the timeline on the screen in 5mins. Check the answers together.
3. Have students guess the meaning of the three underlined words. The teacher makes a summary and adds more information about these words.
a. “Immediate” means at once or soon, and its adverb is “immediately”.
b. “downstairs” means to the floor lower than the one you are on, and its antonym is “upstairs”.
c. “Living room” means a room in a house where people sit together and watch television. Besides, in dining room, people have meals, and in bathroom, people take a shower.
Step 3: Practice
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box. Encourage students to share their answers and have other students to review them.
1. Our troops immediately returned the fire.
2. Wait downstairs in the hall.
3. You have my room and I'll bed down in the living room.
4. He carried the plate through to the dining room.
5. Our immediate concern is to help the families of those who died.
Step 4: Production
Tell students that Brian is determined to a have healthy lifestyle, and invite them to design a timetable for him. 5 minutes are given for discussion. They are encouraged to use the vocabulary learned as much as possible. Then invite some groups to share.
Step 5: Summary and Homework
Summary: wrap up today’s lesson and remind them to exercise regularly, eat healthily, reduce stress and drink plenty of water.
Homework: ask students to observe their mother’s or father’s lifestyles. Describe them to group members next class and share their opinions on how to improve them.
Blackboard design
Teaching reflection
【答辩题目解析】
1.请做一个简单的自我介绍。
1. Please introduce yourself briefly.
【参考答案】
各位老师好，我来自XX。我在2019年完成了XX学院的文学学士学位，在学校主修英语翻译。大学期间，我从事过兼职英语教学，曾经在培训机构当英语教师，也在农村学校做过支教教师。学生们非常喜欢我的课，这激发了我对教学工作的热爱，也使我立志成为一名老师。
我喜欢在闲暇时间看书，喜欢读各种各样的书，包括教育、文学、医学等。我最喜欢的书是罗恩·克拉克写的《罗恩老师的奇迹教育》。这本书用各种真实的教学实例来说明教师应该对学生有很高的期望，从而使学生取得巨大的进步。这本书在我的兼职教学经历中给了我很大的启发，对我今后的教学也有一定的指导意义。
在我的业余时间，我也喜欢做一些运动，如慢跑，瑜伽，和我的朋友打羽毛球。
我的教育背景和工作经验让我具备了作为一名教师的基本条件。我期待着探索新的领域，提高自己的技能。
【Suggested version】
Hi, I am from XX. I completed my Bachelor of Arts degree from XX College, in 2019. I majored in English translation. During college, I engaged in part-time English teaching, being an English teacher at a training institution and a volunteer teacher at a rural school. The students like my classes very much, which stimulates my love for education and make me aspire to be an educator.
I like reading during my leisure time. I like reading different kinds of books, covering education, literature, medicine, etc. My favorite book is The End of Molasses Classes authored by Ron Clark. This book is very attractive with various authentic teaching examples to illustrate that teachers should have high expectations of students, thereby students can make astonishing progress. This book has inspired me a lot during my teaching part-time experience, and will guide me in teaching in the future.
In my spare time, I also like doing some sports, such as jogging, yoga, and playing badminton with my friends.
My qualifications and work experience make me a suitable candidate to be a teacher. I am looking forward to exploring new dimensions for the further development of my skills.
2.谈谈怎么激发学生学习英语的动机?
2. Do you have any ways to motivate students to learn English?
【参考答案】
作为一名老师，最艰巨的任务之一就是用正确的方式激励学生。我想和大家分享我的想法。
首先，激发学生内在动机的一种有效方式是让课堂交际性更强。小组活动和翻转课堂都是常用的增强课程交际性的好方法。
第二，让课堂变得有趣是提高内在动机水平的可靠途径。我们可以尝试以下策略，比如学生们喜欢电影、杂志和流行音乐，我们可以把流行文化引入课堂，利用它们作为听力、阅读材料或进行词汇学习;或者在课堂上和学生玩游戏，游戏是教授词汇和使用语法结构的非常有效的方法。
除此之外，给予及时的反馈很重要，比如恭维和鼓励，以及批评。教师也不一定是反馈的唯一来源，我们可以鼓励同伴反馈和自我评价。
当我们成功地激发了学生的内在学习动机时，即使他们离开了校园，也能帮助他们获得成功。
【Suggested version】
One of the toughest tasks a teacher can have is to motivate students in the right way. I'd like to share my ideas.
Firstly, one way to encourage students’ intrinsic motivation is to make class communicative. Group activities and a flipped class are both great ways to attain the goal.
Secondly, making class fun is a surefire way to raise intrinsic motivation levels. Here are some strategies we can try: first is to invite pop culture into class, since students love movies, magazines and pop music. We could use them in class for listening activities, reading activities or to learn new vocabulary. The second way is to play games with students. They’re highly effective ways to teach vocabulary and practise grammatical structures.
What’s more, it’s important to give positive feedback, like compliments and encouragement, as well as criticism. Teachers don’t have to be the only source of feedback for students. We can encourage peer feedback and self-evaluation.
After teachers successfully inspire the motivation of students, we set them up for success even after they leave classrooms.
： 【 6月教资模拟题汇总 】 【 资格认定 】 【 面试后关注 】
一、语音学及音系学之考点
(一)Phonetics
Phonetics studies speech sounds, including the production of speech, how speech sounds are actually made, transmitted and received, the description and classification of speech sounds.
语音学研究人类发音的特点，特别是言语语音特征、并对语音进行描写、分类和转写。
根据图1，即言语表达过程的三个环节：说话者、空气和听话者。语音学一般分为三个分支：发音语音学(articulatory phonetics)、声学语音学(acoustic phonetics)及听觉语音学(auditory phonetics)。
在语音学中的三个分支中，发音语音学相对来说更成熟，所以在语音学中主要研究发音语音学。The articulatory apparatus of a human being are contained in three important areas: the pharyngeal cavity—the throat, the oral cavity—the mouth, and the nasal cavity—the nose.
人类的发音器包含在三个重要的位置：咽腔—喉咙，口腔—嘴，鼻腔—鼻子。英语语音分为辅音和元音，可以通过如下表巧记。
(二)Phonology
Phonology studies the rules governing the structure, distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables. It deals with the sound system of a language by treating phoneme as the point of departure. There are some important definitions in phonology that we should pay more attention.
1. Minimal Pair
When two different forms are identical in every way except for one sound segment which occurs in the same place in the strings, the two sound combinations are said to form a minimal pair. For example, dill and kill are a minimal pair because they differ from each other by the initial sound [d] and [k].
最小对立体：如果两个词，除了出现在同一位置上的一个音以外，其余的音都相同，那么这两个词就构成了一个最小对立体。
2. Phonemic Contrast
If two phonetically similar sounds are two distinctive phonemes, they are said to form a phonemic contrast. For example, /p/ and /b/ in /pit/ and /bit/.
音位对立：两个完全不同的音素，构成音位对立。如音位/p/和/b/在音素[pit]和[bit]中是属于音位对立。
最小对立体和音位对立虽是两种不同概念，但是本质是找出语言中的音位，只是对象有所不同，最小对立体是针对两个词，而音位对立则是针对两个音素。
3. Complementary Distribution互补分布
If two phonetically similar sounds are allophones of the same phoneme, then they do not distinguish meaning, but complementary each other in distribution, i.e. they occur in different phonetic environments, they are in complementary distribution. For instance, the clear [l] always occurs before a vowel while the dark [l] always occurs between a vowel and a consonant, or at the end of a word. So the allophones are said to be in complementary distribution.
互补分布：如果两个发音相似的音是用一个音素的音位变体，他们不能区分意义，且在分布上互补的，即他们出现在不同的语音环境中，他们就是互补分布。例如，[l]和[l]都是/l/的音位变体，而[l]总是在元音前，而[l]则在元音与辅音之间，或在词尾，两者位置互补，属于互补分布。
二、例题分析
1. 【2013年上半年全国教师资格考试-英语学科知识与教学能力—初级中学】
Which of the following consonants doesn’t fall under the same category according to the voicing?
A.︱m︱ B.︱b︱ C.︱d︱ D.︱p︱
解析：考查语音学辅音知识。︱p︱属于清辅音，︱m︱,︱b︱,︱d︱属于浊辅音。故选D。
2. In terms of the place of articulation, the following sounds [t] [d] [s] [z] [n] share the feature of _____.
A. palatal B. alveolar C. bilabial D. dental
解析：以上五种音标都属于齿槽音。其它选项，palatal腭音，bilabial双唇音，dental齿音。故选B。
3.【2014年上半年全国教师资格考试-英语学科知识与教学能力—高级中学】
Sip and zip, tip and dip, map and nap are all _____.
A. minimal pairs B. diphthongs C. allophones D. phonemes
解析：考查语音学知识。最小对立对(minimal pairs)是指只有一个音素不同的一组单词。sip [sip]和zip [zip]，tip [tip]和dip [dip]，map [mæp]和nap [næp]都是最小对立对。其他选项，diphthong“双元音”，allophone“音位变体”，phoneme“音位，音素”，故选A。
三、总结
语言学虽说是较为抽象的理论课，内容颇多，专业术语也很多，但是在教资考试中，考生只需要了解语言学的基本知识即可，这也是我们通过对历年的教资试题的剖析而得出的结论，所以考生在教资考试过程中遇到语言学不要被这个“纸老虎”吓住，要透过语言现象看语言的本质，用正确的方法解析语言学的题目。
